Milonas (2007) Crisis, Conspiracy and Rights: Imaginaries of Terrorism in Documentary Film

Crisis, Conspiracy and Rights: Imaginaries of Terrorism in Documentary Film

Yiannis Milonas, University of Copenhegan

Volume 1

Abstract

The dispersed character of terrorism as a practice became more coherent to the Western realm through the operationalisation of counter terrorist discourses. The media played a major role in that in the sense that they provided public ‘visibility' upon the potentiality of terrorist threat. What this essay would like to discuss is the way such representations of threat negotiate a number of issues evolving around ‘civil rights'; discrimination, intensification of surveillance or militarization legitimacy of a state of emergency; and how public discourses of broader issues of ‘rights' are contextualized in the aftermath of a terrorist attack. The case study is a documentary produced shortly after a terrorist event that embraces the question ‘why bomb London?' regarding the London public transport attacks of 7/7/2005. The analytical paradigm used is based on Critical Discourse Analysis which provides a structure that can respond to different questions of ‘how' the signification of emergency is constructed.

Download

Download full text of the article as PDF

(We recommend the free FoxIt PDF Viewer or Adobe Acrobat Reader 8 for better PDF experience.)

References

Achugar, M. (2004) The events and actors of 11 September 2001 as seen from Uruguay: Analysis of daily newspaper editorials. Discourse & society 15 (2-3): 291-320.

Bauman, Z. (2000) Liquid Modernity. Oxford: Polity press.

Bauman, Z. (2003) Wasted Lives: The Outcasts of Modernity. Athens: Katarti.

Billig, M. (1989) Arguing and Thinking: A Rhetorical Approach to Social Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Billig, M. (1991) Ideology and Opinions: Studies in Rhetorical Psychology. London: Sage.

Bruzzi, S. (2000) New Documentary: A Critical Introduction. London: Routledge.

Calhoun, C. (2004) A World of Emergencies: Fear, Intervention and the Limits of Cosmopolitan Order; the 35th Annual Sorokin Lecture given at the University of Saskatchewan on March 4, 2004.

Calhoun, C., Rojek, C. and Turner, B.S. (2003) The International Handbook of Sociology. London: Sage.

Cottle, S. (2006) Mediatized Conflict. Maidenhead: Open University Press.

Chomsky, N. (2005) Power and Terror: Selection of Articles and Interviews, 2001-2002. Athens: Patakis.

Chouliaraki, L. and Fairclough, N. (1999) Discourse in Late Modernity: Rethinking Critical Discourse Analysis. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Chouliaraki, L. (2000) Political discourse in the news: Democratising responsibility or aestheticizing politics? Discourse & Society 11 (3): 293-314.

Chouliaraki, L. (2004) Watching 11 September: The politics of pity. Discourse & Society 15 (2-3): 185-98.

Chouliaraki, L. (2006) The aestheticisation of suffering on television. Visual communication Vol. 5 No. 3 : 261-285

Chouliaraki, L. (2006) The Spectatorship of Suffering. London: Sage.

Chiumbu, S.H. (1997) Democracy, human rights and the media, IMK report no. 23. Oslo, University of Oslo, Department of Media and Communication.

Dayan, D. and Katz, E. (1996) Media Events: The Live Broadcasting of History. London: Harvard University Press.

Deleuze, G. (1990) Postscript on the Societies of Control. Pouparlets: Columbia University Press.

Dowd, G.K. (2004). A call to arms at the end of history: A discourse-historical analysis of G.W.Bush's declaration of war on terror. Discourse & Society 15 (2-3): 199-22.

Edwards, J. (2004) After the fall. Discourse & Society 15 (2-3): 155-185.

Ellis, J. (2005) Seeing Things: Television in the Age of Uncertainty. London: Tauris.

Fairclough, N. (1995) Media Discourse. London: Arnold.

Fairclough, N. (1998) Discourse and Social Change. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Fairclough, N. (2003) Analysing Discourse: Textual Analysis for Social Research. London: Routledge.

Fairclough, N. (2004) Blair's contribution to elaborating a new doctrine of 'international community'. Retrieved on 14/6/2006 from http://www.ling.lancs.ac.uk/staff/norman/norman.htm

Fairclough, N. (2004) Critical discourse analysis in trans-disciplinary research on social change: transition, re-scaling, poverty and social exclusion. Retrieved on 14/6/2006 from http://www.ling.lancs.ac.uk/staff/norman/norman.htm

Fairclough, N. (2006) Language and Globalisation. London: Routledge.

Foucault, M. (1961) The History of Madness: Madness and Civilization. London: Routledge.

Foucault, M. (1976) Surveillance and Punishment: The Birth of the Prison. Athens: Rappa.

Foucault, M. (1991) The Microphysics of Power: Selected Articles, Lectures, Interviews. Athens, Ypsilon.

Flyvberg, B. (2001) Making Social Science Matter. Cambridge: Cambridge University press.

Frosh, P. (2006) Telling presences: Witnessing, mass media and the imagined lives of strangers. Critical Studies in Media Communication 23 (4): 265-284.

Giddens, A. (1990) The Consequences of Modernity. Cambridge: Polity press.

Giddens, A. (1991) Modernity and Self Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Oxford: Blackwell publications.

Hall, S., Hobson D., Lowe A., Willis P. (1980) Culture, Media, Language. London: Routledge.

Harvey, D. (1996) Justice, Nature and the Geography of Difference. London: Blackwell.

Holmlund, C. and Wyatt, J. (2005) Contemporary American Independent Film: From the Margins to the Mainstream. New York: Routledge.

Kellner, D. (1995) Media Culture: Cultural Studies, Identity and Politics between the Modern and the Postmodern. London: Routledge.

Kellner,D. (2005) Media Spectacle and the Crisis of Democracy: Terrorism, War and Election Battles. Colorado: Paradigm Publishers.

Kress, G. and van Leeuwen, T. (1996) Reading Images: The Grammar of Visual Design. London: Routledge.

Lazar, A. and Lazar, M.M. (2004) The discourse of the new world order: Outcasting the double face of threat. Discourse & Society 15 (2-3): 223-242.

Leudan, I., Marsland, V. and Nekvapil, J. (2004) On membership categorisation: ‘Us', ‘them' and ‘doing violence' in political discourse. Discourse & Society 15 (2-3): 243-266.

Lewis, J. (2004) Television, public opinion and the war in Iraq: The case study of Britain. International journal of public opinion research 16 (3): 295-316

Liebes, T. (1997) Reporting the Arab-Israeli Conflict: How Hegemony Works. London: Routledge.

Lukin, A., Butt, D. and Matthiessen, M.I.M. (2004) Grammar: The first covert operation of war. Discourse & Society 15 (2-3): 267-290.

McNair, B. (2006) Cultural Chaos: Journalism, News and Power in a Globalised World. London: Routledge.

Nichols, B. (1991) Representing Reality. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.

Nichols, B. (1994) Blurred Boundaries: Questions of Meaning in Contemporary Culture. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.

Nichols, B. (2001) Introduction to Documentary. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.

Norris, P. (2000) A Virtuous Circle: Political Communications in Post-industrial Societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Plantinga, C. (1997) Rhetoric and Representation in Non-fiction Film. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Price, M. and Thompson M. (2002) Forging Peace: Intervention, Human Rights and the Management of Media Space. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Silverstone, R. (2005) Mediation and communication. In Calhoun C., Rojek . C. and Turner, B.S. (Eds), The International Handbook of Sociology. London: Sage. pp 188-207.

Taylor, C. (2005) Modern Social Imaginaries. Durham: Duke University Press.

Tomilinson, J. (1999) Globalisation and Culture. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Van Leeuwen T. and Machin D. (2005) Computer Games as Political Discourse. The case of Black Hawk Down. In The Journal of Language and Politics, 4 (1): 119-143.

Zizek, S. (2002) Welcome to the Desert of the Real! Five Essays on 9/11 and Related Dates. Athens: Scripta.